protocerebral bridge-ellipsoid body noduli neurons |
Protonectin (1-6) |
Iduna |
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Protonectin is a venom peptide isolated from the Brazilian wasp Protonectarina sylveirae (Dohtsu et al, 1993). The peptide causes histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells as potently as mastoparan. It is less hemolytic for erythrocytes than mastoparan at concentrations higher than those required to induce mast cell degranulation (see also: MCD peptide family [mast cell degranulation peptide family]).
Protonectin from the neotropical social wasp Agelaia pallipes pallipes [ILGTILGLLKGLamide] is a non-hemolytic chemotactic peptide for polymorphonuclear leukocytes
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